storage part 1

Drive Interface Standards

Interface Standard	Speed	Notes
IDE/ATA	2.1 MBps – 8.3 MBps	528 MB limit PIO modes 0-2
ATA-2/Fast ATA	16.6 MBps	> 528 MB, 4 IDE devices PIO modes 3-4 DMA 1-2
ATA-3	Nominal speed increase	SMART
ATAPI-4, Ultra ATA, Fast ATA-2, Ultra DMA Modes 0-2, DMA/33	33 MBps	Introduced DMA modes and 80-conductor cable
ATAPI-5, Ultra ATA/66, Ultra DMA/66	66.6 MBps	Ultra DMA modes 3-4
ATAPI-6, Ultra ATA/100, Ultra DMA/100	100 MBps	80-conductor cable required Ultra DMA mode 5 >137 GB
ATAPI-7, Ultra ATA/133	133 MBps	Ultra DMA mode 6
Serial ATA (SATA)	150/300/450 MBps	7 pin cable

File System

File System Compatibility

FAT16

Advantage	Disadvantage
Compatibility with all Microsoft OS and some UNIX	Root folder limited to 512 entries
MS-DOS boot floppy can access	4 GB theoretical size 2 GB maximum in Windows XP
Efficient for small volumes (<>	Boot sector not backed up
	No file system security
	No compression scheme

FAT32

Advantage	Disadvantage
No limit on number of root entries	32 GB limit in Windows XP
Efficient cluster size (4KB)	MS-DOS, Windows 95a, NT 4.0 cannot access
Boot sector backup	MS-DOS boot must be formatted in Windows 95b, 98, ME
	No file system security
	No compression scheme

NTFS

Advantage	Disadvantage
High performance – as fast as FAT*	Incompatible with legacy Windows
File/folder permissions	No MS-DOS floppy boot
Quotas*
File compression
Mounted drives*
Change journal
Encryption*

Hard disk tool's

Back Up- Used to back up customer or personal files
Access threw command prompt (ntbackup), or Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-back up


Scandisk- Used in old forms of windows like 9x

Check disk- used to check the disk for integeratie
Access through command prompt (chkdsk) or my computer- (c:) drive-right click properties-tools- error checking.
Note to fix any problems after running Check disk in command prompt type
(chkdsd /f) and reboot

Defrag- De fragments files on the hard drive improving performance
Access through Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools- Disk defragmenter
or my computer- (c:) drive-right click properties-tools- defragmenter.